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The profession of cosmonauts and astronauts is one of the most unusual and challenging occupations in the world. These individuals are trained to travel beyond the Earth's atmosphere, conduct scientific experiments, and perform maintenance on spacecraft and other equipment in space.

To become a cosmonaut or astronaut, one needs to possess a unique set of personal qualities, including excellent physical fitness, intelligence, technical skills, and the ability to work under pressure. Moreover, they must be highly disciplined, self-motivated, and able to work well in a team.

The job of a cosmonaut or astronaut used to be predominantly male-dominated, but nowadays, more and more women are entering this field. In fact, women have already made significant contributions to the exploration of space. For instance, Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman to fly into space in 1963, and Svetlana Savitskaya was the first woman to perform a spacewalk in 1984.

Flying into space has come a long way since the first human flight in 1961. The early space missions were focused on demonstrating the capabilities of spacecraft and testing new technologies. Nowadays, the emphasis is on conducting scientific experiments and making discoveries that will benefit humanity.

In conclusion, the profession of cosmonauts and astronauts is a highly unusual and challenging occupation that requires unique personal qualities. It is a profession that is becoming increasingly accessible to women, and the field of space exploration has come a long way since the first human spaceflight.